Comparative analysis of antiradical and antibacterial activity of Boletus edulis basidiomycetes growing in different climatic zones

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine and compare the antiradical and antibacterial activity of the Boletus edulis basidiomycetes growing in different climatic zones: the temperate continental Mediterranean (Montenegro) and sharply continental eastern Siberia (Russia). The objects of study were ceps (Boletus edulis) collected in Montenegro (Durmitor National Park, harvested in August 2019) and in Russia (Siberia, Abansky district, harvested in August 2019). Mushrooms dried and crushed to a powder state were used to obtain aqueous extracts (water module 1:100). The antiradical activity of aqueous cept extracts was studied by UV and visible spectroscopy using a stable model radical of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. For antiradical activity studies, samples were taken after 30, 60, 90 min of extraction. Antibacterial activity was evaluated by the difference in the diameter of the colonies of the test bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus 209p and Acinetobacter baumannii. It was shown that under the same conditions for sample preparation and analysis, Siberian ceps have a high antiradical activity value (the maximum value is 75% for mushrooms from Siberia against the maximum value of 33% for mushrooms from Montenegro, respectively). The results of the evaluation of antibacterial activity showed that regardless of the climatic zone of the growth of mushrooms, their aqueous extracts obtained after 30 minutes of extraction exhibit bacteriostatic effect in relation to all strains of bacteria. Longer extraction (more than 60 min) leads to the stimulating effect of Boletus edulis extracts on the growth of the same bacteria.