FORMATION OF THE HUMAN CAPITAL OF CITIES WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

Sustainable development of a modern city is an extremely urgent task that must be addressed by all city residents in order to ensure the high quality of the urban environment, the high quality of life, the balance of the city and the natural environment. Sustainable development of the city should ensure the creation of a beautiful, healthy, beloved city, ensuring full satisfaction of their needs. An environmentally friendly urban environment that satisfies biological needs has an extremely large impact on residents: a city with a polluted environment, with long trips in crowded transport, with inexpressive high buildings, low greenery, with a high population density, with constant noise and polluted air, does not satisfy Biological needs and therefore causes increased aggressiveness in the behavior of residents, stress and disease. Harmonious city with uncontaminated air, with clean water, with great greenery, with enough space for residents, with a good transport network reduces stress, crime, disease. One of the main roles in ensuring sustainable development of cities and creating an environmentally sound high quality of life is called upon to play by its inhabitants. But for the gradual formation of people with new qualities we need a system of universal ecological education. The problem of environmental education and persuasion is very relevant, as a number of environmental conditions are unusual for people: for example, people need to understand and accept the need to save energy, slow down and stop economic growth, etc. All previous attempts to solve individual problems (such as Restriction of population growth, etc.) in a number of countries did not give the expected effect, they came across the resistance of people and traditions. A resident of a city, like any other person, strives to meet ever-increasing and increasingly difficult satisfactory needs, at the same time, due to the continuous exponential growth of the population, and in view of the limited and constant reduction of the planet's resource potential, the opportunities for meeting all needs are reduced. One of the real ways to solve this contradiction is the ecologization of the needs of the city dweller along with its ecological education and upbringing - establishing a correspondence between the needs and the natural and resource potential of the city and the region. The article is devoted to the concept of sustainable development and its achievement factors. The authors analyzed the stability factors. Particular attention is paid to human capital, as the most important factor of sustainable development.