THE IMPACT OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY ON THE CONTENT OF HEAVY METALS IN THE AIR ENVIRONMENT OF KRASNOYARSK CITY

Abstract

The construction industry has a significant role in the environmental situation of the city of Krasnoyarsk providing the population with residential, industrial and road construction facilities. A necessary component of construction activity is the enterprises for the production of building materials using a wide range of chemical compounds that annually enter the atmosphere, water bodies, groundwater, soil in the form of industrial emissions, affecting the environmental situation. The construction industry is also impossible to imagine without the use of vehicles, the operation of which is impossible without fuel that absorbs oxygen and emits exhaust gases containing heavy metals in their composition. From the environment dangerous substances enter the human body through the skin, inhaled air, food and eventually cause its functional changes. Exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations heavy metals can have a toxic effect on the human body, so it is necessary to measure their concentration in the air of Krasnoyarsk city regularly. The most common heavy metals entering the atmosphere as a result of industrial emissions include lead, mercury, cadmium, zinc. Lead has a toxic effect, it accumulates in kidneys, liver and other vital organs, gradually leading to disruption of the entire body functioning. Mercury has a toxic effect on the human body, animals and natural components; it is widely used in various industries and a part of a number of pesticides. Cadmium is a chemical element with toxic properties exceeding the properties of lead. It easily passes from soil to plants. Zinc is widely used in the production of paint products, medicine and printing. In case of excessive intake by the body it has a carcinogenic effect.