DATABASE OF THE ARCHITECTURAL AND HISTORICAL CONTEXT OF CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES (DENKMALPFLEGERISCHERERHEBUNGSBOGEN) AS AN INSTRUMENT OF HISTORICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL ANALYSIS IN GERMANY

Abstract

Architectural monuments, which are thorn away from the historical and cultural context, largely lose their significance, while its semantic perception is distorted. To preserve the monument together with its urban environment are needed effective urban-planning tools, especially for historical and architectural analysis. German historical and architectural analysis method provides precisely all needed information about elements of historical sites. It presents a particular attitude regarding open urban space, which, in fact, is considered as an independent protected object, part of the architectural historical and cultural heritage. One of the most effective tools of historical and architectural analysis to investigate the historical urban context is the "Database on the architectural and historical context of cultural heritage sites" DenkmalpflegerischerErhebungsbogen (DEB). The DEB evaluates the value for all elements consisting the architectural and historical environment. Are covered their integration into the landscape, the importance of historical streets, squares, green spaces, water surfaces, etc., all elements which form the structure of a particular site and express the specific features of the architectural appearance of the area. This tool is available for all involved parts of the society: the expert community (designers, representatives of monuments protection, administration, etc., everyone involved in the development of city-planning solutions), and for a wide range of citizens. This creates a solid basis for taking city-planning rational decisions based on consensus found in the exchange of opinions between dwellers and developers. In this article, we will present a comparison between the practice of using the DEB in Germany and the Russian experience of historical and architectural analysis.